Computer-Aided Analysis of Urban Block Spatial Morphology: Security Challenges and Solutions in PM Pollution Modeling

Abstract

The correlation between spatial form and PM pollution has been extensively studied at the street-canyon scale. In fact, the spatial form of urban neighborhoods, seen as individual units, collectively creates a street-canyon scale space, which also has a certain correlation with the distribution and diffusion efficiency of PM. The application of digital technology in engineering design enables simulation and analysis of correlations for more environmentally sustainable designs. Based on CFD, this article establishes models at the street-canyon scale and when there are overpasses to analyze the distribution and diffusion efficiency of PM under different forms. The research results demonstrate that changes in the form of the street-canyon can alter the distribution of airflow and turbulence, thereby influencing the distribution and diffusion efficiency of PM. The more streamlined the street-canyon form, the smaller the corresponding PM ground concentration and the higher the diffusion efficiency. Additionally, overpasses also affect the distribution and diffusion of particulate pollutants. The higher the height and narrower the bridge deck of the overpass, the smaller the corresponding PM ground concentration and the higher the diffusion efficiency. In summary, the findings of this study provide valuable insights for street-canyon design.